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Vacation 2 USA   >   Illinois   >   History
Vacation 2 USA   >   History   >   Illinois History

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Illinois History


Cahokia, the center of the Native American Mississippian culture was located in southern Illinois near present-day Collinsville. When the Mississippian culture disappeared, a political alliance of several tribes, the Illinwek Confederation dominated the region, until they in turn were replaced by the Potawatomi, Miami and Sauk tribes.

Probably the first Europeans to visit the area were the French explorers Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet, in 1673. As a result, Illinois was part of the French empire until 1763. However, following the Seven Years' War (generally known in the US as the "French and Indian War"), control of the area passed to Britain. In 1783, after the American Revolution, the area became part of the United States' Northwest Territory.

The Illinois Territory was created in 1809, and in 1818 Illinois was admitted to the United States as the 21st state, the last Native American tribes being driven out in 1832.

Illinois served an important part in the American Civil War (1861 to 1865), and contributed over 250,000 men to the Union Army, more than any other northern state except New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio. These men in total mustered 150 infantry regiments, 17 cavalry regiments, and 2 light artillery regiments.

The state was struck by disaster in 1871 when fire broke out in Chicago. This fire, known as the "Great Chicago Fire" killed hundreds and destroyed about 4 square miles (10 km2). Even today, this event is remembered: the second star of the city's municipal flag commemorates the event.

Illinois was continued to grow in the 20th century, and among other things is notable as the site of the first nuclear power generating reactor (Argonne National Laboratory near Chicago in 1957), and the first McDonald's franchise (Des Plaines in 1960).


Illinois: A History of the Land and Its People

By Roger Biles

Northern Illinois University Press
Paperback (341 pages)

Illinois: A History of the Land and Its People
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Crossroads of the continent, Land of Lincoln, hub of commerce - or, as Charles Dickens viewed it, a landscape "oppressive in its barren monotony" - "Illinois" boasts a rich and varied past. In this far-reaching but compact history, Roger Biles provides a much needed, up-to-date account of the state's development, from the earliest native settlements to the present. Focusing on the state's changing population over time, he highlights the key figures who contributed to Illinois's government, economy, and culture. While devoting attention to the touchstones of the state's history, "Illinois" highlights also the achievements of ordinary people, including the women, the African Americans, and the other minorities who - along with the politicians, the captains of industry, and the military heroes - contributed to the state's growth and prosperity. National events shaped the state as well, and Biles discusses the impact of crises such as the Civil War and World War II on the people of Illinois. No history of "Illinois" can ignore the giant shadow that the metropolis on Lake Michigan casts across the state. Relying on his extensive research on Chicago, Biles illuminates the role that city played in the state's development. He addresses such topics as the city's outbursts of labor unrest and racial tension, it's artistic renaissance, the growth of the Hispanic population, and suburban sprawl. At the same time, he relates Chicago's past to the larger story of "Illinois" and it's people. Written in an accessible style and including numerous illustrations, "Illinois" will appeal to students of history and general readers alike.

Southern Illinois University Carbondale (IL) (College History Series)

By The History Students of SIUC

Arcadia Publishing
Released: 2006-08-14
Paperback (128 pages)

Southern Illinois University Carbondale  (IL)  (College History Series)
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Student life at Southern Illinois University Carbondale has undergone remarkable changes since the Second World War. What had been Southern Illinois Normal University became Southern Illinois University, which in turn became Southern Illinois University Carbondale. The university grew from a campus with 2,000 students principally drawn from the immediate region to a university 10 times that size with students coming from throughout the nation and from overseas. This history focuses on the changes in student life during this era, including fashions and fads, homecoming parades and politics, and housing and hangouts. Southern Illinois University Carbondale is about students who have

attended the university over the past seven decades.

Illinois: A HISTORY

By Richard J. Jensen

University of Illinois Press
Paperback (216 pages)

Illinois: A HISTORY
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The epic struggle between traditional, agrarian society and modern industrial capitalism was played out on the national stage as the War between the States. The same struggle between traditional and modern values split Illinois between "Egypt"--the southern region populated by yeoman farmers who came to Illinois from Kentucky, Virginia, Missouri, and other southern states--and the Yankee-dominated, urban north.

Richard J. Jensen treats Illinois as a microcosm of the nation, arguing that its history exhibits basic conflicts that had much to do with shaping American society in general. Northern reformers in Illinois were intent on remaking the state in their image: middle-class, egalitarian, urban, and progressive. These values clashed with the patriarchal supremacy and intense loyalty to kin and ken by which the people of southern Illinois, and the South, organized their lives.

When the Civil War broke out, sympathy for the Confederacy ran high in southern Illinois. Although the region officially supported the Union, guerrilla bands terrorized Unionists, and in Charleston a full-scale riot against Federal troops erupted in 1864. The Union victory decisively shifted both the nation and Illinois toward faster modernization. Violence became more bureaucratized, and localism eroded with the onslaught of chain franchises, consolidated schools, and homogenized suburbs. Jensen extends his discussion to the emergence of newer, postmodern conflicts that continue to occupy the people of Illinois.

Without neglecting the high-profile individuals and events that put the Prairie State on the map, Jensen offers an innovative, wide-angle view that expands our perspective on Illinois history.

Tales and Trails of Illinois

By Stu Fliege

University of Illinois Press
Paperback (248 pages)

Tales and Trails of Illinois
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Based on a collection of fifty-two vignettes of Illinois history originally published as weekly columns in newspapers and revised for publication in book form, "Tales and Trails of Illinois" presents little-known episodes and adds perspective to tales of the state's varied past. Pairing readable commentary with striking description and detail, the book is a useful compendium of Illinois heritage in an accessible and entertaining format.Stu Fliege highlights historical events, such as the Herrin Massacre and Chicago's Iroquois Theatre fire, and covers the diverse terrain of Illinois' natural and constructed wonders, from Lusk Creek Canyon to Robert Allerton Park. Readers will meet a colorful cast of characters including pioneers, squatters, miners, gangsters, and utopian leaders. They'll travel back in time to when salt production was the state's main industry and learn of the Illinois ingenuity that spawned inventions including barbed wire, the steel plow, and the Ferris wheel. From Oquawka's elephant memorial to Murphysboro's mysterious mud monster, the book also offers quirky facts and spooky stories that aren't found in the average history book. Liberally illustrated and clearly written, "Tales and Trails of Illinois" is a helpful learning tool for Illinoisans of all ages, perfect for families, history buffs, libraries, and the classroom.

Illinois: CROSSROADS OF A CONTINENT

By Lois Carrier

University of Illinois Press
Paperback (296 pages)

Illinois: CROSSROADS OF A CONTINENT
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A Guide to the History of Illinois

Greenwood Press
Hardcover (360 pages)

A Guide to the History of Illinois
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"A guide to the literature and sources of Illinois history. It includes descriptions of both primary and secondary sources. The first part of the book consists of bibliographical essays that focus on particular periods and topics in Illinois history. The second part includes 12 reports on the principal archival and manuscript repositories for documentation in the field of Illinois history. A final chapter surveys Illinois-related collections in the Library of Congress and the National Archives." Reference & Research Book News

History of the Illinois Central Railroad (Railroads of America)

By John F Stover

Macmillan
Hardcover (575 pages)
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Illinois History: Surprising Secrets About our State's Founding Mothers, Fathers & Kids! (Carole Marsh Illinois Books)

By Carole Marsh

Gallopade Intl
Hardcover
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In this unique and timely state history title, students will explore what their own family members' contributions to Illinois's history have been as well as what contributions they would like would like to make to their state as they grow up. Covers: What is Illinois history? Who is important in our state's history? When is history? Where have the most important historical events taken place? Why should kids care about Illinois history? and much more. Using critical historic epochs as a backdrop, the author cleverly convinces kids that ordinary citizens are the truly important role-players in our state's success. Includes reproducible activities, glossary, bibliography and index. Free teacher's guide gives specific suggestions & instructions on how to get max educational value from this book.

Illinois Timeline: A Chronology of Illinois History, Mystery, Trivia, Legend, Lore & More (Carole Marsh Illinois Books)

By Carole Marsh

Gallopade Intl
Paperback
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Reproducible timelines include: Illinois Indians, Biographies, History, Legend & Lore, Art, Science, Inventions, Business, Women, Civil Rights, Current & Future Events and more. Also includes Your Personal Timeline Activity, Time Capsule Activity, Timeline Glossary and Author's Timeline. Great for highlighting those must-know important events in Illinois and a super reference for kids. Students can match events with dates, make flashcards, pick their favorite time period to study, research for more information about timeline events of interest, or read the newspaper and search for current events to put into the context of the timeline. Over 300 entries range from prehistoric times through now. Free teacher's guide gives specific suggestions and instructions on how to get max educational value from this book. Great for library research and you can make copies and laminate timeline pages to create posters for classroom walls. It's time to add this book to your library!

Illinois History (Heinemann State Studies)

By Andrew Santella

Heinemann Library
Paperback (48 pages; 1)
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